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Measuring minute variation of star Gl 876b






An international team of astronomers used the Hubble Space Telescope to help make a precise measurement of the mass of a planet outside our solar system. The Hubble results show that the planet is 1.89 to 2.4 times as massive as Jupiter, our solar system's largest orbiting body. Previous estimates, about which there are some uncertainties, place the planet's mass at a much wider range: between 1.9 and 100 times that of Jupiter's. The planet, called Gliese 876b, orbits the star Gliese 876. It is only the second planet outside our solar system for which astronomers have determined a precise mass.




Gliese 876

The planetary system Gliese 876 hosts at least 4 planets.

  System parameters
Primary system name Gliese 876
Alternative system names N/A
Right ascension 22 53 16.7323
Declination -14 15 49.3034
Distance [parsec] 4.69
Distance [lightyears] 15.30
Number of stars in system 1
Number of planets in system 4


ArchitectureArchitecture of the system

This list shows all planetary and stellar components in the system. It gives a quick overview of the hierarchical architecture.

  •  Gliese 876, stellar object
    •  Gliese 876 b, planet, semi-major axis: 0.2186±0.0000 AU
      •  Gliese 876 c, planet, semi-major axis: 0.1360±0.0000 AU
        •  Gliese 876 d, planet, semi-major axis: 0.0218±0.0000 AU
          •  Gliese 876 e, planet, semi-major axis: 0.334+0.002−0.003 AU


          PlanetsPlanets in the system

          This table lists all planets in the system Gliese 876.

            Gliese 876 b Gliese 876 c Gliese 876 d Gliese 876 e
          Alternative planet names GJ 876 b, Gj 876 b, Gl 876 b, Gaia DR2 2603090003484152064 b, GJ 876 A b, TYC 5819-1255-1 b, HIP 113020 b GJ 876 c, Gj 876 c, Gl 876 c, Gaia DR2 2603090003484152064 c, GJ 876 A c, TYC 5819-1255-1 c, HIP 113020 c GJ 876 d, Gj 876 d, Gl 876 d, Gaia DR2 2603090003484152064 d, GJ 876 A d, TYC 5819-1255-1 d, HIP 113020 d GJ 876 e, Gj 876 e, Gl 876 e, Gaia DR2 2603090003484152064 e, GJ 876 A e, TYC 5819-1255-1 e, HIP 113020 e
          Description Gliese 876 is a red dwarf only 15 light years from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. The orbits of the outer three planets are locked in a Laplace reasonance. This resonance is also present in the moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede. This strong dynamical interaction leads to interesting conclusions about the formation history of the system. It is a very strong indication that the planets migrated in the protoplanetary disk to their current position and got locked into mean motion resonances during that process. Gliese 876 is a red dwarf only 15 light years from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. The orbits of the outer three planets are locked in a Laplace reasonance. This resonance is also present in the moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede. This strong dynamical interaction leads to interesting conclusions about the formation history of the system. It is a very strong indication that the planets migrated in the protoplanetary disk to their current position and got locked into mean motion resonances during that process. Gliese 876 is a red dwarf only 15 light years from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. The orbits of the outer three planets are locked in a Laplace reasonance. This resonance is also present in the moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede. This strong dynamical interaction leads to interesting conclusions about the formation history of the system. It is a very strong indication that the planets migrated in the protoplanetary disk to their current position and got locked into mean motion resonances during that process. N/A
          Lists Confirmed planets
          Mass [Mjup] 2.67±0.05 0.843±0.019 0.022+0.011−0.003 0.054+0.007−0.006
          Mass [Mearth] 849+16−17 268±6 6.9+3.4−0.8 17.2+2.2−2.0
          Radius [Rjup] N/A N/A N/A N/A
          Radius [Rearth] N/A N/A N/A N/A
          Orbital period [days] 61.087+0.011−0.012 30.077+0.007−0.006 1.9379±0.0000 124.7+1.3−1.4
          Semi-major axis [AU] 0.2186±0.0000 0.1360±0.0000 0.0218±0.0000 0.334+0.002−0.003
          Eccentricity 0.0340+0.0019−0.0030 0.254±0.003 0.11±0.05 0.03±0.03
          Equilibrium temperature [K] N/A N/A N/A N/A
          Discovery method RV
          Discovery year 2000 2000 2005 2010
          Last updated [yy/mm/dd] 15/06/08


          starStars in the system

          This table lists all stars in the system Gliese 876.

            Gliese 876
          Alternative star names GJ 876, Gaia DR2 2603090003484152064, GJ 876 A, TYC 5819-1255-1, HIP 113020
          Mass [MSun] 0.370
          Radius [RSun] 0.376±0.006
          Age [Gyr] N/A
          Metallicity [Fe/H] 0.1900
          Temperature [K] 3129±19
          Spectral type M4 V
          Visual magnitude 10.17


          Planet sizes

          The following plot shows the approximate sizes of the planets in this system The Solar System planets are shown as a comparison. Note that unless the radius has been determined through a transit observation, this is only an approximation (see Lissauer et al. 2011b).

          PlutoMercuryMarsVenusEarthNeptuneUranusSaturnJupiterGliese 876 bGliese 876 cGliese 876 dGliese 876 e


          Habitable zone

          The following plot shows the approximate location of the planets in this system with respect to the habitable zone (green) and the size of the star (red). This is only an estimate, using the star's spectral type and mass. Note that if no green band is shown in the plot, then the planet's orbit is far outside the habitable zone. The equations of Selsis, Kasting et al are used to draw the inner and outer boundaries.

          Habitable zoneGliese 876 bGliese 876 cGliese 876 dGliese 876 e



          referencesScientific references

          Links to scientific papers and other data sources

          history http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/719/1/890
          history http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014MNRAS.438.2413V
          history http://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.7646v1.pdf
          history http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/
          history http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.07995
          history http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad
          history http://phl.upr.edu/projects/habitable-exoplanets-catalog/data/database
          history http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...719..890R



          This table lists all links which are relevant to this particular system. Note that this is just a summary. More references to the scientific publications and comments can be found in the commit messages. To see these, head over the github or directly go to the git blame output of this system. In the left column of the output you can see the commit message corresponding to each parameter. It also lists the date of the last commit and the person making the changes. Within the commit message, you will find a link to the scientific publication where the data is taken from. Note that this is a new feature and not all system parameters might have a reference associated with it yet. Please help making this catalogue better and contribute data or references!



          Credit:
          NASA/ESA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)